Stress, Dieting, and Periodontal Disease free essay sample

Periodontal maladies are the most predominant interminable ailments influencing kids, young people, grown-ups, and the old. The periodontium is a complex, exceptionally particular, stun engrossing and pressure-detecting framework comprising of four interrelated tissues supporting the teeth: cementum, periodontal tendon, alveolar bone and junctional and sulcular epithelia (1). Periodontal sickness can influence one or numerous teeth. It can likewise prompt dynamic bone misfortune around teeth, which can prompt extricating and conceivable loss of the teeth whenever left untreated. There are numerous variables to periodontal infection that have been demonstrated to be legitimately identified with this developing malady, in specific populaces and societies that have been demonstrated to stand apart more than others. Through examination and propelled concentrates with rules of assessment, stress and consuming less calories has been demonstrated to be related with periodontal disease(2). These extra factors include diet, way of life, societies, additionally remembering aggregate kinds of strains for ones regular daily existence. Periodontal illness is a contamination of the tissues that help the teeth. We will compose a custom paper test on Stress, Dieting, and Periodontal Disease or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page These diseases are related with explicit pathogenic microscopic organisms that colonize the subgingival region. At the point when the teeth are being bolstered by the gingiva; the gingiva doesn't append to the tooth immovably as one would might suspect. Some portion of the tooth’s life systems comprises of a shallow angular expanded called the sulcus which exists between the tooth and the gingiva. Periodontal infection influences this hole causing the tissue supporting the tooth to separate. Periodontal ailment advances through various levels to become what it is. Exploration examines show that a particular arrangement of rules during assessment of the relationship of stress and periodontal ailment are significant. While proposing test draws near, explicitly in psychosocial stress and periodontal ailment; present investigations and future trials demonstrate the following six components to be helpful. Periodontal malady is estimated as special infection result and ought not be remembered for a composite record with other oral diseases(3). Approved instruments are evaluated for pressure, pain, and duplicating practices. These accommodating instruments, approved by earlier examinations, additionally on the populace for each applied for research. Signs of consistence with oral wellbeing association framework should quantify in danger practices. Counting oral wellbeing practices, for example, preventive dental visits, guidelines of oral cleanliness regimens, and an evaluation of plaque, gum disease, and other existing sickness. By thoroughly building up psychosocial factors, for example, stress misery, and adapting practices are genuine hazard factors for periodontal illness contextual investigations and case-control arrangement create speculations (4). These speculations are over enormous cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological investigations. Studies in which instruments of psychosocial stress or pain show the utilization of periodontal malady The need to show relationship and connection of applying various appraisals, for example, biochemical go betweens of stress, insusceptible capacities, or neurological and endocrine adjustments just as social changes are noteworthy in these cases(5). Ultimately are randomized controlled preliminary philosophy, the intercession of studies utilizing pressure the board to set up adequacy of adjustment of worry as methodology of stress-related sickness. Dealing with these controlled preliminaries permits to decrease pressure or pain. Periodontal illness has been related for quite a long time with hazard factors, for example, oral condition, age, female hormones, family factors, smoking and nicotine, and ailments related with periodontal sickness. While talking about oral condition the principal issue that rings a bell is absence of oral cleanliness. Absence of oral cleanliness empowers bacterial development and plaque arrangement, which places the oral pit into an entirely vulnerable situation for periodontal ailment. Lacking molded rebuilding has additionally made ascent to periodontal infection for its reclamations of fillings and crowns. By poor dentistry the rebuilding efforts help snare for flotsam and jetsam and plaque due to its imperfection in shape. Anatomical tooth variations from the norm are persuasive hazard factors similarly as poor rebuilding efforts would be, as a result of these anomalies the teeth are not adjusted in their characteristic state making food particles develop to the stepping stool of periodontal malady causing plaque and microscopic organisms arrangement. Finally would be the life systems of the third molars, otherwise called the insight teeth. This tooth particularly is a known to be a significant reproducing ground for microscopic organisms, by reason of its area and patients discovering trouble coming to posteriorly to the mouth while brushing. Different investigations of this specific tooth show the one of a kind tissues encompassing this molar locale has been destructed of the plaque arrangement and the tissue turning out to be progressively delicate when the third molar is affected, which means when the tooth is wedged between another tooth and the jaw. Next normally related hazard factor with periodontal sickness is age. Another issue in maturing, comes the expansion of acquiring periodontal sickness. Studies have indicated that 30% of the grown-ups in America have periodontal illness and generally found in individuals beyond seventy eighty six years old, eighty-six percent have periodontitis (6). Uncommon cases it has been appeared for youthful young people who are exposed to this sickness. Adding to this is family factors, periodontal infection frequently happens to individuals from a similar family. A blend of elements have a place with this title, for example, closeness, hereditary qualities and cleanliness. An extensively significant factor is smoking and nicotine. Being the most huge factor, causing bone misfortune and gingival downturn and aggravation by decreasing the measure of oxygen present in the gingiva tissue. At the point when nicotine joins with oral microscopic organisms, the creation levels desires are more noteworthy. Finally are illnesses related with periodontal ailment, for example, diabetes, type one and two, osteoporosis, herpes related gum disease, human immunodeficiency infection related with gum disease, immune system ailment (7). Others illnesses of hereditary issue are likewise at high hazard for periodontitis. Contemporary conceptualization of the pressure procedure underpins the assessment of worry at three levels. Stressors, directing and intervening elements, and stress responses. These three components have accentuated the procedure and the solidarity stress can have on periodontal infection, including feelings and coping(8). These pressure reactions would be resolved basically by the procedure that makes customized view of a pressure marker or a danger to ones wellbeing. The point of each examination is to unfurl compelling variables, for example, character qualities, adapting systems, and experimentation of referenced data (9). The goals of all examinations recommended that downturn, stress, and salivary cortisol are significant relates of periodontal infection. In this manner, almost certainly, periodontitis is identified with immunologic and conduct changes identified with psychologic states. Salivary cortisol appeared to have changed relationship with periodontal illness, as a result of the results in models including pressure contrasted with models associated with discouragement. Periodontitis is shown while tending to melancholy or stress. By emphatically recommending that pressure, trouble, and lacking methods of taking care of troublesome circumstances of adapting are significant hazard markers for periodontal ailment. Moreover, all things considered, foundational illness related with periodontal sickness, for example, diabetes, cardiovascular infection, preterm conveyance and osteoporosis may share psychosocial worry as a typical hazard factor. During these early beginnings of study and examination, prerequisite for one to completely comprehend the sub-atomic and cell premise of the job of pressure, and thusly these investigations may prompt viable intercession techniques that limit or invalidate worry as a supporter of periodontal malady. Examination has likewise demonstrated inside specific constraints this precise audit indicated a positive connection among stress and psychosocial factors and periodontal ailment. Be that as it may, alert ought to be utilized when deciphering this audit on the grounds that the various procedures utilized in the included examinations may affect the consequences of the reports. The challenges characteristic is secluding the variable of stress, the absence of a dependable standardizeâ mental examination to measure and characterize most mental unsettling influences, the individual capacity of patients to adapt to negative life occasions, and the various kinds and clinical boundaries used to decide periodontal tissue breakdown may feline as a perplexing predispositions and cause result contortion at a few phases. lthough a positive relationship was seen among pressure and periodontal ailment, further agent research is have to decide the effect of pressure and mental factors as hazard factors for periodontal infection. Reference: Ng SKS, Leung WK. A people group concentrate on the connection between stress, adapting, full of feeling attitudes and periodontal conne ction misfortune. Network Dental Oral Epidemiol 2006; 24: 252-66 Page RC, Kornman KS. The pathogenesis of human periodontitis: a presentation. Periodontol 2000 1997; 14 9-11 Robert J. Genco, Alex W. Ho, Jeffrey Kopman, Sara G. Grossel, Robert G. Dunford and Lisa A. Tedesco. Models to Evaluate the Role of Stress in Periodontal Disease. Division of Oral Biology, Periodontal Disease Research Center, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo. Vol. 3, No 1, 288-302 July 1998. Amy E. Rosania, Kathryn G. Low, Cherly M. McCormick, and David A. Rosania. Stress, Depression, Cortisol, and Periodontal Disease. Division of Psychology, Bates College, Lewi

Three Strikes And Youre Out Law Essay Example For Students

Three Strikes And Youre Out Law Essay Three Strikes Youre Out Law Essay composed by: cv5199 We have all known about the most current enemy of wrongdoing law, the Three strikesand youre out law. It wasnt simple getting this law from the bill stagein Sacramento to the law stage, since it's anything but a criminal friendlylaw. Implying that this laws reason for existing is to bring torment, enduring, andintimidation to lawbreakers. Our state government was essentially ran bythe Assembly Speaker Willie Brown, presently city hall leader of San Francisco. Earthy colored had the ability to pick who sat on what board of trustees in thehouse, and utilizing this he could end any bill he didn't agreewith. What's more, with this mentality it took a great deal of patients and perseveranceby the individuals attempting to pass this bill. In any case, how did the bill become abill? I will respond to this inquiry with assistance of the Kimber Reynoldsstory. Monday, June 29, 1992 in Fresno, California a young lady wasbrutally killed outside The Daily Planet, a café belittled bythe nearby youngsters. The young lady was visiting home for the summerafter being in the Los Angeles territory going to class. Her and a friendwere getting into their vehicle when two folks on a cruiser rode upnext to Kimber Reynolds obstructing her in, taking her handbag, and beatingher into accommodation. The story made the 11 oclock news just minutesafter her dad had hit the hay. At the point when police ran a foundation checkon the two presumed men, Joeseph Micheal Davis and DouglasWalker, the two men had as of late been discharged on parole with multipleoffenses on their records. Tragically Davis was never brought inbecause when police were endeavoring to capture him he started firing,wounding clueless cops and eventually being slaughtered. Douglas Walker was sentenced for accomplice to kill. Mike Reynolds, Kimbers father, went on the radio on a neighborhood radioshow called the Ray Appleton Show, KMJ 580. There he would discusshis shock about how he was tired of recurrent wrongdoers being bolted uponly to be discharged after a small amount of the sentence was finished. Heswore to the individuals listening that he would do somethingabout the issue, regardless of whether it takes him for eternity. Tuning in to that showwas Fresno Assemblyman Bill Jones (R). He was keen on theissue and orchestrated a gathering with Mike. They talked about thoughts abouthow they could tackle this issue. Considering that Mike utilized a few associations and accumulated onesuperior, one investigative, and one metropolitan court judge, just as awell-known neighborhood resistance lawyer, an agent from the FresnoPolice Department, a specialist in adolescent equity and Ray Appleton. The men did some exploration and drew up certain thoughts. Their finallegislative proposition was as per the following: Double the sentence for a conviction of any crime if there is a previousserious or rough lawful offense conviction. Triple the sentence or a quarter century to life, whichever is more prominent, forany mix of two earlier brutal or genuine crime convictionscoupled with any new lawful offense. Probation, a suspended sentence, or a pledge to a diversionprogram as a substitute for spending time in jail in jail is precluded for felonswith in any event one earlier conviction of a genuine or fierce lawful offense. Any criminal with at any rate one earlier genuine or savage lawful offense convictionmust carry out any resulting lawful offense punishment in a state jail (as contradicted toa province prison). Terms are to be served successively, instead of simultaneously. Greatest admissible downtime for good conduct is decreased to 20 percent. Adolescent feelings for genuine of vicious crimes consider priorconvictions if the lawful offense was carried out when the adolescent was sixteen orseventeen years old. .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 , .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .postImageUrl , .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 , .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:hover , .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:visited , .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:active { border:0!important; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:active , .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u454700876af045 e34104d352185931a7 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u454700876af045e34104d352185931a7:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: German Economy Essay When a litigant has in any event one earlier conviction for a genuine orviolent lawful offense, the head prosecutor is required to argue and demonstrate allknown earlier crime feelings. Earlier lawful offense feelings can't be usedas part of a request deal. Since Mike had the proposition he had Bill Jones submit it to the statelegislature. Immediately the bill was sent to the Assembly Public Safetycommittee to be affirmed. This council is known as an executioner oftough-on-wrongdoing bills, and comprised of eight individuals, Paula Boland,Richard Rainey, Tom Umberg, Tom Bates, John Burton, Barbara Lee, andcom mittee director Robert Epple. Both Boland and Rainey wereRepublicans while the rest were Democrats, and one empty seat due tounknown reasons. This board of trustees was moderate or even moderatelyconservative, but since Willie Brown had the ability to choosemembers of the council he picked those individuals whom he thought wouldsway the vote towards a liberal bearing, which didn't reflect thephilosophy of the entire get together. Mike additionally had asked FresnoAssemblyman Jim Costa (D) to be a co-creator of their proposition, Mikewanted a bipartisan way to deal with the council. Which means he needed tohave both significant gatherings spoke to in the proposition. The men had two Republican and two Democratic votes in support of them andonly required one more vote to pass, however sadly they didn't get thatone vote since Brown set up the advisory group and didnt need atough-on-wrongdoing bill. Berkeley Assemblyman John Burton gave Jones anoption to re-compose their proposition the manner in which he sees fit, or have the proposaltaken from the floor again and put to another vote. The issue with thelatter was that in the event that it bombed again there could never be another next time. Jones and Mike Reynolds did neither one nor the other, their central goal currently was totake it directly to the individuals of the state and discover what they think. The two men did precisely that, paying for exposure out of their ownpockets. In the long run they got corporate help from organizationslike the NRA (National Rifle Association) and the CCPOA (CaliforniaCorrectional Peace Officers Association), just as others. Their effortswould not be vain in light of the fact that they realized that on the off chance that they could get enoughsignatures that the proposition would be put on the November, 1994 electionballot. The men had a huge number of marks that lead to theinduction of the proposition to the voting form as Prop 184. The men made a fewminor changes to the proposition yet at long last it fundamentally read as in the past. The men realized they needed to keep it straightforward in light of the fact that they knew individuals wouldnot vote in favor of something they couldn't comprehend. There is a great deal of discussion about genuine and brutal crimes in the law andthere are sure offenses that must be met so as to qualify as a seriousor savage lawful offense. The lawful offenses that would fall under both categorieswould be those that are past crimes and additionally convey an extensivesentence. With the section of Three strikes some contended that it would light anincrease in savagery against law authorization officials, putting them indanger as they attempted to keep up open security. The American CivilLiberties Union contended that lawbreakers confronting a lifelong incarceration on the off chance that they were tobe indicted would be unquestionably bound to oppose capture, attack officials andkill witnesses. Since the authorization of the law viciousness against lawenforcement officials has not risen yet fallen. In the three years preceding thelaw attack against law masters dropped 14.9% while since theenactment it has dropped 11.9%, setting a descending pattern. A few examinations have contended that the number of inhabitants in detainment facilities and correctional facilities will risesubstantially due to the expanded jail sentences, confinements on theability of recurrent guilty parties to acquire credits to diminish time, and prisonersrequired to be condemned to jai l as opposed to prisons. In spite of forecasts tothe opposite, the development in the jail populace since the institution hasslowed. In the four years before the law the jail populace increasedby 37%. Since the institution the jail p

In Transit

In Transit I got on a bus this morning to go home for Thanksgiving, fully prepared to entrust my productivity to a flaky Wi-Fi connection. Once I got on the bus, I realized that everything I do work, blogs, grad school app essay drafts is on Google Drive. I am now drafting this in a .txt file hipster, I know. These past two months have been a blur. I actually hate saying that because this being my last year here, I desperately want to remember every moment. So I find myself reviewing my to-do list, à la a wonderful service called Teuxdeux (try it out: its designy, simple, and amazing). I write down everything i have to do each day (both work and fun) and when something is done, I only cross-out never delete. So whatever day I look back to, Id have an alibi. On October 16, I watched the second presidential debate. How do I make the most out of MIT before its over? This has been a constant priority this semester. Heres one answer I found: going to lectures by the super cool people who come here. In September, Junot Diaz   MIT professor, Pulitzer Prize and  MacArthur Genius Grant winner held a reading of his new book, This is How You Lose Her.   He said we cant live without art.   In October,  Masaaki Kanai (President of MUJI) and Hartmut Esslinger (Founder of Frog Design) gave a joint-lecture on What MUJI and Design Can Offer the World of the Future. They challenged us to think about the optimal, ideal inhabitant of the world and form a new economic model revolving around not money but our grandchildren.   In November, Fernando Garibay (Interscope Records executive and producer/friend to Lady Gaga) highlighted the ways technology has disrupted the music industry. He encouraged us to disrupt it some more but focusing on changing the perception of music so that songs can change lives again. Listening to these speakers over the past couple months has given me a lot to think about. Im certainly thankful for the opportunity to attend and pass on the message. Have a great Thanksgiving holiday everyone! Also, Ive arrived at  home! :D

Consumerism And Free Market Economy - 1509 Words

In today’s society, it is becoming increasingly impossible for one to be watching television, reading a magazine, or watching a sporting event without being flooded with the images of commercialism. Messages in our televisions and print sources that encourages us to buy are created by people who uses their talent to speak to both our conscious and subconscious desires. The products that we buy, the food that we consume, the clothes and shoes that we wear, and our everyday lives are influenced by commercialism. Proponents for commercialism can argue that commercialism as essential in the enhancement of capitalism and free market economy. It can also lead to innovation competition of companies in meeting the needs of consumers. However, Commercialism can lead to an increase in wasteful consumption or consumerism. It can also lead to the depletion of natural resources in trying to meet the consumption needs of the people. Although commercialism have it draw backs, it is not all bad; commercialism promotes capitalism and free trade both of which are very essential in our American Society. Only by producing and selling goods and services does capitalism work. Commercialism allows for the free flow of information between producers and consumers about good and services, and as a result, consumers are having the ability to make preferences about their purchasing choices. 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Last Minute Speaking Activities for ESL Teachers

Any teacher whos been in the business for more than a few months knows its important to have short speaking activities on hand to fill in those gaps that inevitably occur during class.  Try these practices for yourself! Student Interviews Introducing Students to Each Other / Expressing Opinions Choose a topic that will interest your students. Ask them to write five or more questions about this topic (students can also come up with the questions in small groups). Once they have finished the questions, they should interview at least two other students in the class and take notes on their answers. When the students have finished the activity, ask students to summarize what they have found out from the students they have interviewed. This exercise is very flexible. Beginning students can ask each other when they do their various daily tasks, advanced students can make up questions concerning politics or other hot topics. Conditional Chains Practicing conditional forms This activity specifically targets conditional forms. Choose either the real/unreal or past unreal (1, 2, 3 conditional) and give a few examples: If I had $1,000,000, Id buy a big house. / If I bought a big house, wed have to get new furniture. / If we got new furniture, wed have to throw away the old. etc.   Students will catch on quickly to this activity, but you might be surprised by how the story always seems to come back to the beginning.   New Vocabulary Challenge   Activating New Vocabulary Another common challenge in the classroom is getting students to use new vocabulary rather than the same old, same old. Ask students to brainstorm vocabulary. You can focus on a topic, a particular part of speech, or as a vocabulary review. Take two pens and (I like to use red and green) and write each word in one of two categories: A category for words that should not be used in conversation — these include words like go, live, etc., and a category that students should use in conversation - these include vocabulary items youd like to get students using. Pick a topic and challenge students to only use the target vocabulary.   Who Wants a...? Convincing Tell students that you are going to give them a present. However, only one student will receive the present. In order to receive this present, the student must convince you through his/her fluency and imagination that he or she deserves the present. Its best to use a wide range of imaginary presents as some students will obviously be more attracted to certain types of presents than others. A computerA gift certificate for $200 at a fashionable storeA bottle of expensive wineA new car Describing Your Best Friend Descriptive Adjective Use Write a list of descriptive adjectives on the board. Its best if you include both positive and negative characteristics. Ask students to choose the two positive and two negative adjectives that best describe their best friends and explain to the class while they chose those adjectives. Variation:Have students describe each other. Three Picture Story Descriptive Language/Reasoning Choose three pictures from a magazine. The first picture should be of people that are in some sort of relationship. The other two pictures should be of objects. Have students get into groups of three or four students to a group. Show the class the first picture and ask them to discuss the relationship of the people in the picture. Show them the second picture and tell them that the object is something that is important to the people in the first picture. Ask students to discuss why they think that object is important to the people. Show them the third picture and tell them that this object is something that the people in the first picture really dont like. Ask them to once again discuss the reasons why. After you have finished the activity, have the class compare the various stories that they came up within their groups.

Federalist Papers Free Essays

The Federalist Papers Several documents have helped carve the United States government from the beginning into what we know it as today†¦the Magna Carta, the Mayflower Compact, the Declaration of Independence†¦to name a few. One of the most important of those documents was The Federalist Papers. It is a series of 85 articles/essays that were written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay, between 1787 and 1788. We will write a custom essay sample on Federalist Papers or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper will focus on the purpose of the Federalist Papers, who the intended audience was, and why another document – the Articles of Confederation – written after the American Revolution, failed in the wake of the Constitution being drafted and ratified. (Peacock, n. d. ) The Federalist Papers, better known as The Federalist, or The New Constitution, was a planned attack devised by Alexander Hamilton, a lawyer from New York. Federalist Papers, 2012) I say attack, but it was more of a â€Å"strong support† of the newly proposed Constitution. He, along with Madison and Jay, wrote the papers under the pseudonym of Publius (the Roman citizen was that credited with saving the Roman republicanism). This was common practice when someone was writing something for public eyes, yet he or she didn’t want anyone to know who was writing the material. The Federalist Papers, 2002) The purpose was to try to and assist American republicanism by demonstrating the necess ity of the Constitution. The essays had another other significant purpose: it immediately showed New Yorkers why it was a good idea to ratify the Constitution and in turn word quickly spread to the other States in the Union. They actually took the lead in ratifying the document, with New York coming in after the necessary nine states that were needed had already ratified. The Federalist Papers have helped our society to clearly understand what the writers of the Constitution were thinking when they wrote that document nearly 200 years ago. That document’s main audience at that time: the people within the Union, in particular, the â€Å"doubters† and critics of the drafted Constitution. Although a number of important states had already ratified the Constitution before the essays were published, it most assuredly helped in getting the nine out of the thirteen states within the Union needed in order to get it passed. It clarified for many what the Constitution was telling them and why it was so important to have. Today, federal judges frequently use the Federalist Papers to interpret the Constitution as a means to get a broader picture of the intentions of the framers and ratifiers (The Federalist Papers, 2002) I don’t think the authors, Hamilton, Madison and Jay, knew that the papers they drafted and published between 1787 and 1788 would still be influential in today’s government choices and proceedings. The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution. (Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? , 2012) With time, several things were pointed out as wrong or needing revising with the Articles. Among the reasons the Articles failed, giving way to the new Constitution, were: every state was independent (free to make their own choices, which did not sit well with the countries leaders) which reflected the seemingly written purpose that this was done so that the national government was kept as weak as possible; each state only had one vote in Congress, regardless of their size; Congress did not have the power to tax nor did they have the power to control trade (which was something that was needed to keep the finances of America over water); there was no national court system (criminals were free to run wild; no steady judgments were made by any laws); and the states refused to finance the national government. These were just a few of the noticeably problems. In 1786, a rebellion is western Massachusetts protested the rising debt and economy chaos†¦but the national government was unable to assemble to a military force to help out it down, something else seen as needing to be fixed as soon as possible. For these reasons, the Articles of Confederation failed. (Kelly, 2012) The Federalist Papers are a significant piece to our nation’s history. People were set with the Articles of Confederation as being the only constitution they needed, but as the years went by, more things made it clear that a revision, or a whole new document for that matters, was needed to address the current states of the Union. It took some persuading to get the Constitution ratified, and the 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison and Jay helped persuade the American people to define the United States as we know it today. References Federalist Papers. (2012). Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Federalist_Papers. The Federalist Papers. (2002). Retrieved from http://www. crf-usa. org/foundations-of-our-constitution/the-federalist-papers. html. Kelly, M. (2012). Why Did the Articles of Confederation Fall? Retrieved from http://americanhistory. about. com/od/governmentandpolitics/f/articles_of_confe deration_fails. htm. Peacock, Anthony A. (n. d. ). First Principles Series. The Federalist Papers. Retrieved from http://www. heritage. org/initiatives/first-principles/primary-sources/the-federalist-papers. Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? (2012). Retrieved from http://essayinfo. com/sample/essay/465. Essay Info – Essay Writing Center. How to cite Federalist Papers, Essay examples

Bloom taxonomy free essay sample

Bloom’s taxonomy or also known as the revised bloom taxonomy is a great teaching tool to use when teaching patients about their illness. It consists of three categories and then multiple sub-categories. Blooms taxonomy addresses not only the patient’s readiness to learn but it address the appropriate approach to each individual situation. It gives a systematic way of approaching a topic and the audience that will be learning. When this method is applied to nursing it is a great tool. This is due to the fact that each patient has different cognitive factors, different psychomotor factors as well as an affective domain. Bloom’s Cognitive categories have to do with how the mind can process or regenerate the information provided during a teaching session. There are six sub-categories to the cognitive category. The six are remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate and create. A teacher should be able to determine where in this pyramid is the patient. We will write a custom essay sample on Bloom taxonomy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What teaching strategies must be changed and modified to fit the patient lifestyle. The second category is the Affective domain. This is how patients address their emotions to specific problems. This will show what a patient or student values and what motivates them to be who they are. This category has five sub-categories receiving, respecting, valuing, organizing and internalizing. This is the category that will determine if the patient is willing to accept this disease or new lifestyle change into their life. This will tell a teacher where on the scale the patient is willing to rate their disease and how it will affect their life. The Third and final category is psychomotor. This tells the teacher if the patient is physically able to complete the task asked of them. This will allow the teacher to gage if the patient is able to successfully complete what is needed of them to live with their disease process. There are five sub-categories imitation, manipulation, precision, articulation, and naturalization. There is a great example of this category, teaching a patient to use a new nebulizer treatment. The patient will go through reach step of the process till they  can finally reach the goal of naturalization. Conclusion Blooms taxonomy learning tool can break down the heart of teaching and give it meaning to apply to most any professions. Nursing is just one of those professions that teaching is a large part of the job, on a daily basis. Blooms taxonomy should be used each day on a nursing unit from the admission date to the discharge date.

Nuclear Energy Essays (5013 words) - Nuclear Technology, Actinides

Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy You are watching the control panels and gages for rector two. Sitting comely you think about how easy your job is. It is a joke! All day you sit around and watch the gages for reactor number two just to make sure they maintain their settings. You don't even need to look at the gages either because a computer automatically regulates them without you. Life is so good. Suddenly all the sirens go of and the gages and displays spin wildly in every direction. The ground shakes and you can hear the sound of a deep rumble. Unknown to you, the reactor's cooling pumps have failed to cool the reactor's core and in 3 seconds the temperature went from 280 degrees centigrade to 4,000 degrees centigrade. The water that was in the reactor is instantly turned to steam which creates tremendous amount of pressure in the reactor core. Above the reactor core there is a 5 foot thick lead plate and above that there is a meter thick floor composed of iron, barium, serpentine, concrete, and stone. The explod ing steam fires the floor up like shrapnel. The metal plate goes through the four foot thick concrete roof like butter and reaches and altitude of sixty meters. You can hear ripping, rending, wrenching, screeching, scraping, tearing sounds of a vast machine breaking apart. L. Ray Silver, a leading author who covered the disaster at Chernobyl, said that within the core, steam reacts with zirconium to produce that first explosive in nature's arsenal, hydrogen. Near-molten fuel fragments shatter nearly incandescent graphite, torching chunks of it, exploding the hydrogen. The explosion breaks every pipe in the building rocking it with such power that the building is split into sections (11-13). You look down at your body and notice that it feels hot and your hands look different. Unknown to you a tremendous amount of neutrons are hitting your cells and taking chucks out of your skin. Suddenly everything goes black. The paragraph above describes the scene of what happened at Chernobyl nuclear plant a few years ago. From that time until the present many other smaller accidents have happened. From these accidents many people have died and millions have been indirectly affected. Nuclear energy has far to many negative problems than advantages. From the mining of uranium to disposal of nuclear waist there are problems of such magnitude that no scientist on this earth has an answer for. Nuclear energy has so many problems associated to it that it should be banned from the earth. To understand the threat of nuclear energy we must first understand what happens in a nuclear reaction. Ann E. Weiss, who has written several books on the subject of nuclear energy, described what happens inside a nuclear power plant. In a nuclear reaction the nuclei of its atoms split, producing energy in the form of heat. The heat makes steam which powers a turbine. Fission takes place in a nuclear reactor. The fuel used is pellets of uranium. In a modern reactor, half-inch long pellets of uranium are packed into 12 or 14 foot tubes made of an alloy of the metal zirconium. About 50,000 zircalloy fuel rods make up the reaction core. To control a nuclear reaction control rods made of cadmium is used which absorbs neutrons. With the control rods in place in the core, a chain reaction cannot begin. When the plant operators want to start the chain reaction they activate machinery that pulls the control rods away from the core. Once this is done a single free neutron is enough to set off the reaction. As the reaction continues, a moderator slows the neutrons down enough to ensure that they will continually split more uranium atoms. At the same time, the moderator acts as a coolant. It keep the overall temperature about 300 degrees Celsius. Since the temperature at spots inside the fuel rods may be as high as 1,100 degrees Celsius, enormous amounts of coolant are continually needed to keep the core temperature at the proper level. When the plant must be must be shut down the control rods are lowered all the way back into the core. That brings the chain reaction to

What You Dont Know About Making Decisions Example

What You Dont Know About Making Decisions Example What You Don't Know About Making Decisions – Article Example What You Need to Know About Making Decisions College What You Need to Know About Making Decisions Making decisions is an attempt that many companies and institutions fail in many instances. Many companies collapse when the leaders take on individual approaches that constantly lead them to generating poor results. Leaders in business and organizations perceive decision making the wrong way. The main explanation for this is the fact that they have a tendency of treating decision making as an event of advocacy. This simply implies to decision making in a distinct moment in time. However, the reality is that making decisions is never a short event. On the other hand, it is a progression that develops in days, weeks and months or years of inquiry. Making decision needs enough time of preparedness where a leader takes his or her time to make inquiries about a problem and in the end comes up with the best way out. This should include the application of constructive conflict, consideration a nd closure. These are factors that break down the inquiry process of decision making. With constructive conflict, leaders take their time to involve every member of staff in collaborative discussion/consideration and critical thinking where balanced argument finally helps them come up with influential decision1.In conclusion, decision making requires backing from the rest of the company members. Furthermore, particularly when it comes to executing decisions. This is for the reason that studies show that the number of business leaders who come up with good decisions and those who fail to are outstanding. Leaders who stick to making decisions alone, on impulse and without adequate preparedness often fail to meet their set goals in businesses. On the other hand, leaders who take their ample time to make inquiries, prepare well, engage in collaborative discussions and constructive conflict often make solid decisions that amount to tangible results.BibliographyDavid A. Garvin and Michael A. Roberto (2009) What You Dont Know About Making Decisions (HBR OnPoint Enhanced Edition)

Competitive use of Information at E-bay.com Essay

Competitive use of Information at E-bay.com - Essay Example Most relevant influencing factor that paved the way for a new thrust in doing business is the prolific use of technological advancement and application generated by the Internet. Global organizations reportedly operate within an Internet economy. According to Fichter (2003), â€Å"the term â€Å"Internet economy† emphasizes the networking of economic actors and processes by means of electronic communication media and the related change in structures of value creation, mechanisms of market function, professional life, and consumption patterns† (p. 26). Likewise, Bazdan (2011) asserted that â€Å"one of the newest evolving positive trends is electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or ecommerce. The process consists of buying and selling various products or services over electronic systems, such as the Internet and other computer networks† (p. 45). From among the most identifiable successful participants in the Internet economy, two organizations from the United States are prominent: eBay.com and Amazon.com (Bazdan 2011). The current discourse focuses on presenting a critical analysis of eBay, including its brief historical overview, strategies and analysis of its performance using Porter’s five forces and SWOT. History of E-Commerce (The Digital Age) Different studies have identified the origin of e-commerce from varied time frames. The earliest originating date was noted that â€Å"in its purest form, electronic commerce has existed for over 40 years, originating from the electronic transmission of messages during the Berlin airlift in 1948. From this; Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) was the next stage of e-commerce development† (Obayi, 2011, p. 18). According to Hiser, Lanka, Li & Oliver (n.d.) the date that was identified to originate e-commerce was 1984 when â€Å"EDI, or electronic data interchange, was standardized through ASC X12. This guaranteed that companies would be able to complete transactions with one another reliably† (p. 1). Both sources have acknowledged EDI as commonly present and instrumental in the development and growth of e-commerce. The popularity of use and applications offered by the Internet in 1993 was noted to have made a wave of effects, specifically labeled as first and second waves of the internet economy (Fichter, 2003). This meant that the evolution of global organizations that increasingly relied on the Internet gradually shifted their focus from â€Å"stationary computers and terminal devices† (Fichter, 2003, p. 26), to the proliferated use of mobile and telecommunication devices that could be linked directly on the organizations’ Internet providers. The term e-commerce was likewise defined as â€Å"an electronic transaction is the sale or purchase of goods or services, whether between businesses, households, individuals, governments, and other public or private organizations, conducted over computer-mediated networks. The goods and servi ces are ordered over those networks, but the payment and the ultimate delivery of the good or service may be conducted on- or off-line† (OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development), 2001; cited in Fichter, 2003, p. 27). Likewise, Obayi (2011) clearly stipulated that e-commerce includes the following essential ingredients, to wit: â€Å"1. Electronic trading of physical goods and of intangibles such as information. 2. All the steps involved in trade, such as on-line marketing, ordering payment and support for delivery. 3. The electronic provision of services such as after sales support

Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Criminal Justice - Essay Example According to Jacob Wetterling Act, a state registration must require current address registration for a period of 10 years for persons convicted of a criminal offense against a victim who is a minor or a sexually violent Offense. A minor is a person below the age of 18 years. There are specific definitions in Washington which are used to identify how an offender victimizes a minor; kidnapping of a minor and false imprisonment (except the parent), sexual conduct with the minor, manipulating of a minor to engage in sexual conduct, use of a minor in sexual performance, solicitation of a minor to practice prostitution, and any conduct that its nature a sexual offense against a minor. In 1996, the Megan’s law according to Wetterling act provided a community notification on the sex offender registration and which brought about online sex offender registration websites. Adam Walsh child protection and safety act (2006) is the most recent federal law, which organized sex offenders int o a three-tier system with third tier registrants having the most rigorous registration requirements. The third tier requirements of sex offenders (RSOs) required the offenders to update or verify their information every three months and are registered in their lifetime. Failure to update information as required under this act one was to have committed a felony offense while a sexually violent offense is any criminal offense that consists of aggravated sexual abuse or an offense that has its elements engaged in physical contact with another person with the intention of committing such an offense. In Washington all juveniles who are sex offenders were required to register. But in other states the juveniles are required to register after attaining of 18 yrs or 21 yrs. Sex offender registration and notification helped to reduce the case of sex offenders recidivism by calling their attention through the sex offender websites, letters sent home with children, door to door notification an d also flyers. However the efficiency of this registration remains questionable with research to date indicating only nominal success. Also the registration facilitates the following; deterring offenders from committing future crimes; enhances enforcement of law and the protection of public rights. Adkins, G. Huff, D. & Stageberg, P. (2000) The Iowa sex offender registry and recidivism. Des Moines: Iowa Department of Human Rights Schram, D.D., & Milloy, C.D. (1995). Community notification: A study of offender characteristics and recidivism. Washington State Institute for Public Policy. Seattle, WA: Urban Policy Research. SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS Sex offenders are required to register upon release from confinement or when sentenced to community supervision. The department of correction or the sentencing court registers the offender upon release to probation and alerts the offender of the requirement to register locally. The local registering agencies occur at the local police department in the jurisdiction where an offender resides. In community supervision, the supervisor officer is required to maintain information for the duration of supervision because when the supervision ends the law enforcement is responsible for offender’s registration information. Also the state registration law applies to offenders convicted in other States. According to the

The Indian Gaming Industry Marketing Essay

The Indian Gaming Industry Marketing Essay The Indian gaming industry is at a nascent stage but is expected to grow significantly in the coming years. In the last 15 years, India has witnessed considerable economic growth. This, in addition to its demographic structure, offers immense potential for the gaming industry. An amalgamation of our culture, rising urban incomes, education, IT development and telecom growth offer the perfect platform for the gaming industry. IT and telecom considerably drive the gaming industry. One of the segments with highest growth is the console gaming industry which is capturing higher market share year on year. While the global gaming industry is growing at 22 per cent, the Indian gaming industry is valued at Rs 13 billion and is expected to grow to Rs 38 billion by 2015  [2]  . India offers a huge pool of talent in the IT and programming sector which plays a substantial role in the development of quality games at reasonably lower costs. Additionally, while the gaming industry is picking up, serious players and investors are entering into the industry, consequently facilitating its further growth. Figure 1 Growth Trend of the Gaming Industry in India  [3]   Recently, 3G rollout in India, an increasing number of high-end mobile phone users, and broadband and DTH penetration into homes, contributed to the strong market currents that the Indian gaming industry is now riding on. Over the years, the price of games has declined significantly, making the games more affordable to Indian gamers  [4]  . High-end mobile phone consumers, for instance, a growing iPhone consumer base, point towards a promising future for the mushrooming gaming industry. These buyers thus become a very lucrative segment which includes a premium, tech-savvy population which, evidently, has higher disposable incomes. Figure 2 Orientation of Gaming Industry in prominent markets  [5]   Due to the rising population in urban India, more and more open fields and available lands are being converted to high rises, for commercial or residential purposes. This leaves the kids with little or no space to play, which adds on to the inclination towards indoor games. Hence, urbanization as well serves an important factor for the rise in console gaming market in India. As per NASSCOM report, the growth drivers in the gaming industry in India are  [6]  : The growth of the gaming industry from 2006 levels is primarily driven by increased consumer spending on gaming. The services side of the business is propelled by captives set up by international publishers of mobile game development, BPO support for MMORPG games and development revenues from PC/console game production, game art, etc. By 2012, the movement up the value chain in services, resulting in more end to end off-shoring work, is expected to contribute to the growth of revenue from development services. Domestic outsourcing is also expected to pick up, especially in the mobile and online gaming segment. Original IP development in domestic and international markets, which is at a nascent stage, will gain in significance in coming years. Falling console prices and increasing mobile and broadband penetration are expected to give a fillip to consumer markets. However the growth in gaming Industry is also coupled with challenges. As per NASSCOM report  [7]   Lack of trained man power in the industry who have the skill sets to develop end to end games and have worked in advanced NGN pipelines Infrastructure related issues like high cost of consoles, non availability of adequate bandwidth, non availability of SDKs etc Pirated copies of gaming software and tampering of consoles in still wide spread in the country Acclimatizing the Indian population to gaming which is relatively a newer form of entertainment and not integrated into the Indian culture. Lack of original Indian IP and quality games with local themes which can spur the Indian market High import duties for gaming hardware and absence of well defined policy for the growth of gaming industry Objectives  [8]   The objectives of this MRR are as follows: To study the potential market for console based gaming in India and to reach the potential customers in this particular segment of the gaming industry To study the feasibility to set up experience gaming flagship stores and scale up implementing the franchise model To study the feasibility of organizing regional league events and launching a pan-India console gaming league event leveraging upon the underlying business model To study the feasibility of creating a virtual store model functioning as an e-commerce platform to achieve appropriate channels of merchandize distribution and social media integration To study the feasibility of synergies between each of the business models so that it helps in strengthening the brand Scope and Limitations of the study  [9]   Scope Overall A study of the current Indian Gaming Industry, focusing on the console gaming industry in India A study of the various players in console gaming market Retailers, Parlours An overview of the fully integrated console gaming pan-India network comprising of stores, IT Infra-Telecom network, e-stores, vendor partners and pan-India competition An integrated financial analysis of the business plan Console Gaming Store A study on the requirements for setting up a console gaming store A study and recommendation on the business model of the store franchise/ownership A study on local/regional popular gaming championships A study on the experience aspect of consumer viz. gaming merchandize, game theme-based relevant food/snack/beverage, entertainment lounges A study on the interior design plus IT infrastructure for the store e-Store A study of the pre-requisites for operating an e-Store A study of the integration of virtual and physical platforms. (demo games, league leader boards) A study of IT resources for the e-Store. (hardware / software / network maintenance) A study of the supply chain framework required for operating an e-commerce model A study of social-media integration of the GOD brand through the e-platform A detailed financial analysis for the business model League Model A study to explore opportunities at the various feasible levels (local, regional, national etc) to conduct the league A study to look at the logistics and other facilities required to organize such a league A study of marketing and sponsorship to run the league model A study to look at the financial feasibility of organizing such a league Limitations The study will focus only on console gaming The study will only focus on partnerships with console makers and console game makers and no local players The study will not include who will be the architect and owner of the store The study will not include where the equipment and other technical requirements will be sourced from The study will have market research that will have limited sample size In lieu of reliable data, interviews with experts from the company and the industry will be conducted Who will implement the technology infrastructure, supply centre and training and development and the quality of implementation is not known Approach and Methodology  [10]   Analysis External Analysis of console gaming industry in India Feasibility (Strategic) Analysis of each business model Competitor Analysis Data Gathering Existing competitor stores in major cities Internet Probable supplier / partner working model Feasible communication channels with console game publishers and vendors Other secondary research Survey Three tier-1 cities (Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore) with sample size 30 Customer questionnaire over e-mail, social media and other online channels Study Functional feasibility Technical feasibility Survey Analytics Interview Potential customers from sample space Supplier / Partner FGDs Existing game parlour owners Note: The above might change in case we adopt the lean start-up process for this business External Analysis Indian Gaming Industry Macro-Environment Analysis Political Context The key political factors influencing the Indian gaming industry are as follows: High duties and taxes for console gaming  [11]   The gaming industry is growing at a very healthy rate. The introduction of all major players like Wii and the aggressive promotions of Xbox 360 have taken the Indian console gaming industry on a high growth trajectory. Even upon the high growth expectations from the Indian market, these consoles are still quite expensive as compared to the US. One of the key factors for this difference is the high duties and taxes in India. These components add as much as around 40% to the price of the consoles. This is comprised of around 27% of customs duty and more than 12% of value added taxes. This significantly increases the prices of gaming consoles in India.  [12]   Infrastructure issues for the gaming industry  [13]   India ranks quite low on the internet and broadband penetration when compared to rest of the world. The average broadband speed available in India is also quite low when compared with the developed countries. This restricts users from connecting with wide range of gamers across territories and to play as per their convenience. However, this is expected to be overcome by the advent of high speed internet at affordable rates. The technological development in the past few years would play a very important role in bringing the gaming revolution in the near future in India. Economic Context The economy of India is the eleventh largest (by nominal GDP) and one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The growth rate for the year 2011 2012 was 6.5% and is expected to grow at 6.9% in the year 2012 2013 (as per World Bank)  [14]  . This provides an opportunity for various industries to grow within the country. Maximum growth has been observed during the 2000 decade when the country touched growth rate as much as 10.6%. The per capita income has also increased steadily in the past years. It soared by 15.6% in the fiscal year 2010 2011  [15]  . One of the key factors behind the economic development was the economic liberalization in the early 1990s. This strong economic development portrays an increase in the paying capacity of the consumers and an increased standard of living. The needs of people also grow along with prosperity and opens new opportunity for businesses. Gaming as an industry has also been growing gradually with this incremental growth trend. For the gaming industry, the expected growth is magnificent. As per a NASSCOM (National Association of Software and Services Companies) report, a 4X growth in the Indian gaming industry is expected from the year 2010 to 2015. The same report states that the console gaming industry would grow 17X from the year 2010 to 2015  [16]  . The rising disposable income in urban India and the increasing consumerism makes a good case for growth in the console gaming segment in the next few years. Social Context Indias population in 2011 was more than 1.2 billion (Source: World Bank) and a growth rate of 1.41%  [17]  . India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan  [18]  . The increasing per capita income has largely increased the middle class population of the country. This change in the economic status, when seen along with the overall young population, it can be inferred that the paying capacity of the youth has increased in the past years. The interests of people has also evolved including entertainment and gaming. Gaming is gradually gaining importance not only as a source of entertainment but more towards lifestyle. The earlier modes of gaming was TV video games and small hand held devices, which has moved to online, mobile based and console gaming. This growth is also supported by the increased paying capacity of youth, who are the most important target market for gaming. Due to the rising population in urban India, more and more open fields and available lands are being converted to high rises, for commercial or residential purposes. This leaves the kids with little or no space to play, which adds on to the inclination towards indoor games. Hence, urbanization as well serves an important factor for the rise in console gaming market in India. Another social factor is that of safety. The anti-social elements of the society are also growing, especially in the urbanized regions, which is a cause of concern for the parents to let the kids play outdoors. The cases of kidnapping of children for ransom have become a commonplace now. To avoid such risks, parents prefer their children to go out only under their supervision, or to remain indoors, playing video games on computer or on consoles. A change in the mindset of parents has also been observed in the past years in terms of how they perceive video games, maybe on computers, or on consoles. Earlier, these games were looked at things which would distract the children from studies, and would spoil the child. Parents were conscious that the children would get addicted to these games. But gradually this mindset has undergone a great change. The parents of today, not only allow their kids to play the games, but they themselves enjoy playing such games with them. One of the reasons for such a change is the genre of games being developed these days. The games developed earlier were mostly racing or fight based, but now, the games include all variety and cover various fields, including education and strategy type games. These games dont only entertain the kids but also play an important role their mental development. The motion games have taken the trend to the next level by providing means of physical exercises as well. It has also been observed that the games developed specific to India have shown very good response in the market. Sony launched Hanuman: Boy Warrior, a PS2 game based on Indian mythology with an expectation of 3000 to 4000 units uptake on the first day, though the response was 10,000 units. Indian origin social networking site Ibibo started its cover versions of social networking games with Teen Patti and Mumbai Underworld, getting tremendous response. Sony is also planning to launch games based on characters of Amar Chitra Katha. Going forward, we can expect more local developers and players to come out with similar games.  [19]   Technological Context India has been growing stronger technologically in the past decades. The technological advancement is also one of the key factors for economic growth and prosperity. Post liberalization, in the early 1990s, a lot of investment in the country has on the technology. The advent of internet was a big leap in the field of communications globally. The telecommunication industry in India is also quite matured. Total number of telephone subscribers in India is more than 960 million, with an overall tele-density of almost 80%  [20]  . But the users of broadband are still limited to less than 1% of the population  [21]  . This leaves a huge scope for development of the internet gaming industry. At the same time, this also signifies that the potential for console gaming market is immense. The number of smartphones in India is currently about 30 million, and is growing at a CAGR of more than 30%  [22]  . This also opens up a huge market of mobile gaming in India. This is increasing trend of adoption of technology and getting closer to digital gaming, is effectively inducing the spirit of gaming in the Indian multitude, which would eventually reach to the best gaming experience which can be provided by console gaming. Hence, we see that from a technology perspective, India is very receptive to changes and new technology, gaming being a very important dimension of this entire change process. Environmental Context The world has been observing strange climatic changes in the past years. A lot of these have been attributed to global warming as well. The irregular rains, amounting to much more than usual downpour during the monsoons and scorching heat during summers is cause of major concern globally. From a macro perspective, the glaciers are melting and causing danger of extension for some species. But from a micro perspective or from an individuals point of view, such extreme climate causes day-to-day inconvenience. One of the side effects of these extreme climatic conditions is the inconvenience to children who would want to go out and play. The parents are conscious not to send their kids out for playing in extreme heat or chilling cold, and would rather prefer to keep them in-doors and provide options to play and entertain within the house. Such environmental changes, not good for the human populations though, are favourable for the thriving gaming industry in India. These factors add onto the influence on people to get more and more involved in the flourishing world of gaming. Legal Context One of the most prominent concerns for the concern for the digital world today is piracy. The creativity industry has been losing great amount of revenues due to this evil. The laws for piracy are in place but still need a more firm implementation. Piracy has been observed majorly in the music and movie industry, which has been going on for a long time now. Eventually, this evil also grew on to the world of softwares, as computing became an inevitable part of our lives. The latest trends of piracy are being observed in the field of gaming, wherein PC gaming and console gaming are the soft targets for pirated games. The revenue being lost by these industries due to piracy is immense. The game console manufacturers like Sony are creating more robust and intelligent systems to identify and not support duplicate or pirated games, but at the same time theres more to be done by the government towards reducing this piracy. National Competitiveness Gaming industry growth Comparative Study of other economies Gaming Industry is already a multibillion dollar industry in developed economies and is growing at a tremendous pace. The below list shows some key developed economies and emerging economies and their current growth pattern  [23]  . Developed Economies: United States The US video game market is and has always been the largest in the world. From 2003 to 2008, it more than doubled, from $7.00 billion to $15.5 billion, respectively. Because console gaming is the most popular in the United States and knowing the console market is declining it is projected the US market will continue to sustain growth but at a slower rate. It is expected to reach $21.1 billion in 2013. Online gaming will be the fastest growing gaming category in the US. Canada Canadas market is growing at a very fast rate. Between 2003 and 2008, it grew from a mere $0.4 billion to $1.3 billion. This number is expected to reach $2.4 billion in 2013 while the increasing mobile penetration (phones per capita) of 69% in 2008 is expected to reach 91% in 2003. Japan After a 30.2% growth spurt in 2007, the Japanese market declined by 20% in 2008 and is further stagnating. As in the United States, console gaming is the most popular in Japan; the significant decline of console gaming is expected to dramatically affect Japans growth. Even though Japan is the home of several major video game players, and even though the market size between 2003 and 2011 is projected to increase from $3.5 billion to $6 billion, the console market will disproportionately grow from $2.7 billion to $2.9 billion. Western Europe The analysis of Western Europe consists of the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Switzerland, Sweden and Finland. Similar to the US and Japan, console gaming consists of the greatest portion of the market (70%). However, Western Europe is also the largest world market for PC games. The market in Western Europe is projected to increase from $5.0 billion in 2003 to $13.9 billion in 2008 to $19.5 billion by 2013. Emerging Economies India The gaming market in India has taken a huge leap in recent years. It emerged in 2006 explaining the lack of data in the chart above. As with many other translational corporations, big video game firms (EA, Microsoft, Sony, Ubisoft and Activision Blizzard) have recently established operations in this economy. In conjunction with its growing economy, the video game market is projected to grow from $0.21bn in 2008 to $1.60bn in 2012. The short-term future of the industry lies in Zeebo a new console launched in India but the long-term future, like other countries, is expected to lie in online gaming. Indias video game market is growing at such a fast rate that UTV Interactive, an Indian video games publisher, recently purchased the US online gaming firm, True Games Interactive. Brazil In Latin American, the market expanded from $0.3bn in 2003 to $0.7bn in 2008 and is projected to reach an estimated $1.3bn in 2013. Though the market has grown about $1 billion, Brazil only comprises about 5% of the market. Though it has minute market share, Brazil is still one of the key emerging markets in the region and the world. Internet penetration is projected to significantly increase from 32.9% in 2008 to 73.2% in 2013. Russia Another one of the BRIC economies, Russias video game industry is expected to double from $0.25bn in 2007 to $0.5 in 2012. With increasing mobile penetration, mobile gaming has become a large part of the countrys market. Porters Diamond Model Analysis The below study gives a detailed analysis on national competitiveness of the gaming industry with respect to the leading economies in this industry and a focus on emerging countries like India which have a bright scope for growth in the future. Figure 3 Porters Diamond Model for gaming Industry in India  [24]   The above diagram shows the four corners that make up the national competitiveness structure of the diamond model. Government and Chance above can be attributed to as exogenous parameters. Factor Conditions: HR Knowledge Pool  [25]   Given the current scenario of the video game industry, irrespective of the any particular mode that is thriving over another, e.g., online social media integrated increase in demand over conventional PC gaming, what we see is that the countrys leading rapid growth in the industry is capitalizing on a human resource platform that is developing and evolving over time. An analysis of the video game industry value chain that will be dealt with later involves major parties like publishers, console vendors, retailers and consumers. Every stage in the chain involves extensive human resource requirements. A recent study suggests one of the key 3 reasons why the US, Canadian, Japanese as well as emerging economies like the BRIC economies are world leaders in the gaming space, is their ability to incubate: Skilled workforce There is a massive requirement of programmers and game developers that are young understand the changing trends of the industry and fast in bringing our new games to the market, thanks to the shorter product S-curves of gaming companies. Leading economies like the US and Japan, and of late the BRIC nations, especially India, are breeding grounds for high quality technical talent pool, thanks to its universities, evolving scope and encouragement for fresh talent to take up rewarding careers in the gaming industry. Supporting Industries Another factor in steep success of game companies in these leading economies are the supporting industries that groom the industry continually, e.g. retail distribution, online marketing, global supply chain and key partnerships (Facebook and Zynaga). These supporting industries help provide employment across diverse roles and opportunities. With impressive growth projections of the video gaming industry in India, from $ 0.21 billion (2008) to $ 1.6 billion (2012) , aggressive acquisitions like UTV Interactive buying US gaming firm, True Games Interactive, rising middle class with high disposable income, social trends boosting child awareness towards latest technologies, online and brick-n-mortar retail influx, all these factors show the growth potential in supporting industries in India other than US based publishing and developing companies. Thus theres a requirement of talent pool, both by ways of quality as well as quantity  [26]  . Physical Resources Infrastructure The infrastructure scenario of India is congenial to the scope for growth of the video game industry. The symbiosis of the key physical resource requirements can be depicted using a diagram as below: Figure 4 Physical Resources Infrastructure Capital Resources Financing and capital injection across all segments of the industry is crucial to the overall growth of the industry and hence increases in substantial contribution to Indias GDP. The primary underlying factors are: High disposable income of the urban middle class segment Entrepreneurial attitude to establish end-user delivery systems, e.g. cafes, parlours, lounges, franchises, online media tie-ups, etc. Liberal legal and government norms encouraging domestic and foreign investment in the sector. Presence of operations of transnational firms in the country Based on recent research, EA, Microsoft, Sony, Ubisoft and Activision Blizzard have already established operations in India  [27]   Transnational gaming companies to encourage and invest in development of gaming software from India RD centres which will further boost national economic outlook on a global scale Firm Structure, Strategy Rivalry: If we take a look at a generic organizational structure of a game development company, we could then analyze how Indian companies are faring against the leading AAA rated ones and whether their firm structure is in accordance with their long term strategic intent and growth prospects. Future opportunity: extrapolation of existing structure into service space for emerging economies like India Figure 5 Firm Structure From the above diagram, we can see that any game development company functions in a dual structured operational model, first, a business management arm which takes care of the marketing, PR, releases, publishing and reviews of the game, and, second, a project management arm which takes care of the game development through all its technical and functional stages of development, testing and go-live. At the organizational level as well, apart from the above hierarchy, if we compare gaming companies like Electronic Arts against Indian majors like Indiagames, we would see a similar pattern. Every such game development company works in a studio format, each studio responsible for production of a particular genre or line of gaming, e.g., casual, kids, sports, action, etc. Thus, for a country like India where gaming industry growth looks positive, inculcating such a competitive and global culture sets the firm on the path of sustainable development. As mentioned in the earlier section, based on a research by Duke University, companies like EA, Microsoft, Sony, Ubisoft and Activision Blizzard have setup operations in India. This would in turn give rise to rivalry and competition among the subsidiaries and help release games faster in the market, thus increase potential to bring more and more new and advanced games in the market. Also, the presence and growth of the local Indian gaming community like Indiagames and Zapak also adds to the rivalry, since home-grown developers and publishers would not so easily give way to transnationals to break into the domestic market. Now having spoken about the firm structure and rivalry in the game development and publishing end, the industry looks feasible for a new business in a country like India. However, if we

Death of a Salesman (Bernard)

In ‘Death of a Salesman’ written by Arthur Miller, Bernard is shown as a tremendously memorable character. Throughout the play, his contradictions to Biff, poor judgments of him and his parent- like personality are well presented. By using the character, Miller tries to convey the moral messages and develops an attention grabbing plot First, Bernard’s contradictory character compared to Biff, makes him memorable. Bernard is literally everything that Biff is not. Biff is a high school football star while Bernard is just an ordinary and unpopular student.Biff is more likely to be immoral while Bernard truly worries and being realistic about him. For instance, Bernard says ‘Listen, Biff, I heard Mr. Birnbaum say that if you don’t start studyin’ math he’s gonna flunk you, and you won’t graduate. I heard him! ’ The quote shows Bernard is very aware of Biffs’ gloomy future and also somehow predicts substantially different futures of those two characters. The audiences may feel a sense of relief toward Bernard as he is the only one, who actually shows the real world and eventually becomes successful than any other characters in the play.By using the character Bernard, Miller tries to convey the message of success has got nothing to do with the glorious past. In fact, Biff fails to seek his own career and live a life that is totally opposing to Willy’s expectations. Furthermore, the fact that Bernard was one of the underdogs makes the character memorable. In the play, most of characters did not expect Bernard to be prosperous and used to mock him with his sophisticated outlooks. A good illustration of this is when Willy says ‘That’s just what I mean.Bernard can get the best marks in school, y’understand, but when he gets out in the business world, y’understand, you are going to be five times ahead of him. ’ It clearly shows Willy’s pessimistic opinions to Bernard’s future. The phrase ‘five times ahead’ also portrays Bernard is treated as a sort of failure which is the most unlikely word to describe his future career. Mockeries about Bernard continue with other characters. For example, as he tries to find Biff and teach him some math, Happy tauntingly says ‘Let’s box, Bernard! ’ He makes fun of Bernard by looking his overly academic attitude.Audiences feel a sense of sympathy toward Bernard due to harsh judgments on him. However as the play continues, they soon find out that Bernard is the only character who achieved triumph in the play. By using Bernard’s underrated pasts, Miller highlights the insignificance of judging and prejudice. Willy’s huge astonishments to sophisticated Bernard also supports Miller’s message. Lastly, Bernard’s realistic characteristics make him memorable. In the play, he is one of the few solid people. Unlikely to unstable Willy, Bernard app roach the world in a more realistic way.For example, he says ‘â€Å"Just because he printed University of Virginia on his sneakers doesn’t mean they’ve got to graduate him. Uncle Willy! The quote portrays Bernard’s sensible characteristics which attempts Biff to choose the right path. By mentioning ‘Uncle Willy! ’ Bernard also tries to change Willy’s ignorant attitude towards poor academic achievements of his son as well as his impracticable definition of success. His humble characteristics and giving some realistic advices to Willy also differentiate him from other characters. For instance, Bernard replies ‘How are you?Good to see you. ’ as Willy enters his office. It strongly contrasts with Howard ruthless treatments that Willy has received. The audiences probably feel impressed to Bernard’s warm and sensible personality. Those personalities technically make Bernard to perform a parental role instead of overly ide alistic Willy who just expects unrealistic dreams to happen. To conclude, Miller’s wide use of Bernard make the character very significant and memorable, Miller also use this character to convey his moral messages of success and judgments to audiences.

Education and Teachers Essay

Teachers in Taiwan enjoy higher occupational prestige and great job satisfaction.In Germany teachers enjoy teaching. Teachers in China are highly respected. Those within the Indian culture feel that teachers are next to God. American teachers believe that teaching helps society’s well-being. Teachers in England are poorly regarded. Teachers are constant companions and they mold student’s personality. They are role models and they motivate the students. However,according to individual experience there are different kinds of teachers some are friendly ,some are strict and others are ideal teachers. The first kind of teachers are friendly teachers. They combine both the guidance of a teacher and the understanding of a friend. Friendly teachers act like philosophers and guides. A friendly teacher helps the students to choose the right path . These teachers are closer to the students and better educators because they understand students needs and help them accordingly. Perso nality development and positive attitude of the each student is their first priority. Friendly teachers never criticize their students in the class ,and they are always gentle with them. My 8th grade math teacher is the perfect example for this. He was very friendly with us. He used to stay after school to help with our math problems. He used to meet our parents on regular basis. I really enjoyed his teaching methods. He is one of my favorite teachers. So friendly teachers are very important for the students future. The other kinds of teachers are strict teachers. Strict teachers are very tough on students. They dislike any mistakes or carelessness. These kind of teachers have high expectations for their students. Disciplining their students is important for the strict teachers. Students have to be extra cautious about these kinds of teachers. For example, my 6th grade music teacher was very strict. He wanted us to memorize each note. I was nervous when I started that class. I wanted to quit the class because of his strictness. After I realized that he was just helping me through tough times, I admired him. Because of his discipline, I continued the music class. Even though strict teachers are rough sometimes,some students need these kind of teachers. The third kinds of teachers are ideal teachers. Some teachers sacrifice their lives to help the students. They are humble, self -disciplined, helpful, honest ,creative and available to all the students. By respecting the students and giving self confidence to their students, these teachers help the students to become good citizens. They are perfect role models and they also have great hearts. Anne Marie Murphy, 52 is the perfect example for these kinds of teachers. She was a Sandy Hook Elementary teacher who died to protect her students during the shooting. She sacrificed her life for her students. She was the perfect role model. Students who have these kind of ideal teachers are very lucky. Teachers do not all teach same way. Students like their teacher according to their own individual preference. The relationship between teachers and their students is the key element in creating an educational atmosphere that is both pleasant and effective. Teachers are different, however, they all have something in common, and that is the desire to help their students.

Animal Testing Must Be Banned Essay - 1014 Words

Canary in the kitchen detects carbon monoxide! Animal testing must be banned for unnecessary tests. Animals should not be guinea pigs. Animals still feel the pain when they are injected with medicine just like humans. Humans can defend themselves and stop the pain, but the animals get strapped down and cannot move. It is better to have tests run on animals because animals will help find cures faster. Animal testing must be banned for unnecessary tests because a lot of animals are dying for no reason. Ninety-four percent of animal testing is done to determine the safety of cosmetics and household products (Animal Testing 1). That only leaves six percent for medical research (1). Ninety percent of all animals used in research are rats and†¦show more content†¦Corneal transplants were delayed for 90 years and blood transfusion were delayed 200 years due to animal studies (1). Less then two percent of human illnesses of 1.16% are ever seen in animals (1). Scientists believe that by performing these tests on animals is to ensure the safety of the new drugs (HIV drugs, vaccines and animal testing 2). Also to see whether such products might be effective in humans (2). Finally for general research into the biology of an animal, or the function and action of certain diseases within their bodies (2). Animal safety tests usually come at the end of the long process of safety date co llection that may include testing the product ‘ in vitro’ and using a computer program to simulate what might happen to the drug inside the body (2). The regulations on what safety data is required for a new product vary from country to country, but more drug authorities require all three types of data (2). Animals are fairly poor substitutes for humans because the compounds that are released in the animals bodies might be harmful, but could kill a human (2). Result in this was an anti-inflammatory drug that caused major organ failure in six men involved in a trial at Northwick Park Hospital in London, England in 2006 (2). Such occurrences are rare (2). HIV is a retrovirus to humans which it is rarely found in any animals (2). Some African primates are naturally infected with SIV which is believed to beShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing Should Be Banned880 Words   |  4 Pagesdepending on animals testing. Therefore, if people talk about laboratories, they should remember animal experiments. Those animals have the right to live, according to people who dislike the idea of doing testing on animals; the other opinion, supports the idea of animal testing as the important part of the source of what has reached medicine of the results and solutions for diseases prevalent in every time and place. Each year huge numbers of animals are sacrificed for the science all these animals, whetherRead MoreAnimal Testing And The Scientific Field1305 Words   |  6 Pagesscientific field, people find that the richest discoveries in health or medicine generally depend on animal testing. According to Animal Testing in the History of Anesthesia: Now and Then, Some Stories, Some Facts, the writer says, â€Å"There are many interesting anecdotes, [†¦] about how dogs have been loved, named and tested by many anesthesiologists, [†¦]. However, the contribution of experiments on animals such as rabbit, monkey, mice, guinea pigs etc., also played a significant role i n the evolutionRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Banned?844 Words   |  3 PagesShould animal testing be banned? Nowadays, a lot of animals has been tested on a range of experiments over the world. You could be supporting animal teasing cruelty without knowing it. Have you ever check if there’s animal testing on the cosmetics before you buy it? Today, a lot of cosmetics has been testing on helpless animals and there are about 1.4 million animals die each year from animal testing ( CatalanoJ, 1994). Most of the experiments that are completed in the laboratories are very cruelRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned940 Words   |  4 Pages1). Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned, and abused in US labs every year. 2). 92% of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail in human clinical trials. (DoSomething â€Å"11 Facts About Animal Testing†). There are currently no laws combating the testing of cosmetics on animals, but the practice is harmful and must be ended. As evidenced by the statistics above, millions of animals are tortured and murdered in the United States every year for virtually no reasonRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned866 Words   |  4 Pagesdebate whether animal testing should be banned or continued. Many scientists believe that a human’s life is superior to an animal’s life. Others, like me, believe that animal testing is good for medicine use and not cosmetics. In my prospective, as well as many others will agree, beauty is far less important than a living creature. For centuries now, animal testing has helped scientist develop new cures for diseases, health conditions and even the development of new technology. Animal testing has beenRead MoreThe Importance Of Animal Testing857 Words   |  4 Pagescomes to animal testing. A considerable amount of people believe that examinations s hould be banned, others think it should be continued. According to NCBI, animals have been utilized repeatedly since 384 BC. This disagreement has been debated since before the 1920’s and is still continuing. The main opposing point of animal examinations, is the extent of the experiment used on the animal. But, if scientists did not take part in animal testing, humans safety would be in danger. Although animals shouldRead MoreCost-Benefit Analysis Of The Ethics Of Animal Testing1606 Words   |  7 Pagesthat all animals, including humans, have the same right to not suffer or be harmed. A cost-benefit analysis justifying these types of experiments should be used to evaluate the appropriateness of using animals for the research. The United Kingdom has adopted this perspective calling for a complete ban on all experiments that cause more harm to the animals than would be of benefit to humans. The United Kingdom has historically been a leader in terms of regulating animal rese arch and has banned the useRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1572 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal Testing Every year, over two hundred million innocent animals are injured or killed in scientific experiments across the world. Of those animals, between seventeen and twenty million are used in the United States alone. It is said that an animal dies in a laboratory every three seconds (Animal Testing 101). Those in favor of animal experimentation say they are taking animals’ lives to save humans. It is not necessary to subject animals to torturous conditions or painful experiments in theRead MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Testing1534 Words   |  7 Pageswhat most do not know is that a couple or couple hundred, animals were killed to approve, by law, of that product. This act is called animal testing, which is the method or experiment that forces an animal to go through any harm or distress (Thew). I do not agree with this practice simply because it harms innocent animals for products that we do not need to survive or remain with. I believe animal testing tortures innocent and helpless a nimals, by containing them in tight spaces, with chemicals drenchedRead MoreAnimal Experiments Or Torture?924 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"experiments.† This is the life many animals in biomedical research are forced to live . Nowadays, most of the animal experiments are conducted on mice, rats, fish, and other animals that are excluded from the Animal Welfare Act of 1966. Animal experiments cause psychological and physical harm to the animals with a complete lack of respect for their quality of life which is why they must be banned. The effect that biomedical research experiments have on these animals is detrimental. According to the